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Microsoft General Manager for Windows Server, Mike Neil, recently announced that Microsoft will be adding Windows Server containers and Hyper-V containers for application virtualization in the next version of Windows Server, informally referred to as Windows Server vNext.
Traditionally applications are installed directly onto an operating system, be it on a physical machine or in the guest OS of a virtual machine. This 1:1 relationship has led to stability, but it causes some other issues, including:
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It is that latter point that has caught Microsoft’s attention; they wish IT to be able to operate “at the speed of business”. Deploying a machine, even a virtual one, is slow:
Microsoft formed an alliance with Docker last year to bring application containers to the Microsoft stack. Docker is a leading player in the open source market of application containerization. The concept of containers changes how applications are deployed on servers. Instead of there being one OS for every app install, containers allow applications to run in a semi-isolated manner on a shared operating system. You can deploy physical machines or virtual machines as container hosts; obviously the virtual option offers more elasticity.
The benefit is that containers require few operating systems (and all the associated benefits of that), and they are very quick to deploy. Microsoft’s Mark Russinovich demonstrated this at TechEd last year when he deployed a working WordPress installation in one second.
Microsoft’s partnership with Docker led to:
Most importantly, it lead to Microsoft announcing that they would release Windows Server containers in Windows Server vNext.
Virtualization versus application containers (Image Credit: Microsoft)
There is some level of isolation between application containers. The applications on a common operating system are able to work independently of each other. But they do share a common operating system, and containers with similar binary and library requirements also share those dependencies. This means that there is no security isolation between Docker or Windows Server application containers. Three is potential for a breakout to the host OS and to other containers if one application is successfully taken over by an attacker. This is why Microsoft is also including Hyper-V containers in Windows Server vNext.
Windows Server containers and Hyper-V containers (Image Credit: Microsoft)
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We will have many ways to deploy applications in the future; traditional installs into physical or virtual machines, PaaS in Azure, IaaS in Azure, and application containers. Containers will offer speed and flexibility, and we will be able to deploy these securely in Hyper-V or into densely packed and remotely managed headless Nano Server installations. Docker will not only continue to manage open source application containers but it will also manage Windows Server containers and Hyper-V containers. The next year or so should prove to be very interesting!
More from Aidan Finn
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